The $900 Million Headline Versus Our Afghan Policy Backing a Vertically Integrated Criminal Enterprise

The NYT has one of the most stunning headlines of the day.

Losses at Afghan Bank Could Be $900 Million

The story tells a story of Afghanistan’s own “Too Big to Fail” problem that offers opaque descriptions of precisely what caused the problem, but waits until the 17th and 18th paragraph to explain the real problem with the bank.

Kabul Bank has extensive links to senior people in the Afghan government. In addition to Mahmoud Karzai, other shareholders included Haseen Fahim, the brother of the first vice president, and several associates of the family from the north of Afghanistan. Afghan officials said the bank poured millions into President Karzai’s election campaign.

It is the loans and personal grants made by the bank to powerful people, including government ministers, that could prove the most explosive, Western and Afghan officials said. “If people who are thought to be clean and who were held up as ‘good’ by Western countries suddenly are caught with their fingers in the till, it will cause questions from donors,” said a Western official in Kabul. “They will say, ‘Why are we here?’ ”

I wondered why Dexter Filkins, who has done so much on Afghan corruption, focused on the missing money rather than the problem of corruption. But then I remembered–after I saw Alissa Rubin and James Risen on the byline–that Filkins moved to the New Yorker earlier this month.

As it turns out, Filkins has his own version of the story. The explanation of the same disappearing hundreds of millions Filkins offers in an article 3.5 times longer than the NYT’s already long 1800 words is that–as one of Filkins’ sources explains, the Afghan government is a “vertically integrated criminal enterprise.”

Much of the money disappeared (Filkins explicitly states what the NYT just suggests) in outright bribes to the key members of Hamid Karzai’s administration.

The evidence, according to American officials close to the inquiry [into the collapse of the Kabul Bank], appears to implicate dozens of Afghan officials and businessmen, many of them, like [Karzai’s finance minister and campaign treasurer, Omar] Zakhilwal, among Karzai’s closest advisers, with regulatory responsibilities over the Afghan financial system. Among the others are Afghans regarded by American officials as among the most capable in Karzai’s government: Farouk Wardak, the Minister of Education; Yunus Qanooni, the speaker of the Afghan parliament; and Haneef Atmar, the former Minister of the Interior.

[snip]

“Just straight bribes,” a senior NATO officer said of the payments to Afghan officials.

Much of that bribe money–perhaps as much as $14 million–came in response to Hamid Karzai’s request for campaign donations and went to pay for his badly discredited 2009 re-election.

Now American officials say that Zakhilwal was one of dozens of Afghan leaders and businessmen who, collectively, accepted tens of millions of dollars in gifts and bribes—some sources say as much as a hundred million dollars—from executives at Kabul Bank.

[snip]

According to several current and former Afghan officials, during the 2009 campaign Kabul Bank and Karzai’s reëlection machine became nearly interchangeable. Afghans who served in Karzai’s government say the more likely contribution from Kabul Bank was between eight and fourteen million dollars—and that it kept on doling out money even after the election, which Karzai finally won, in November, 2009. At the time, election monitors declared that about a million ballots cast for Karzai were fraudulent.

More troubling still is Filkins’ report that some of this money is being funneled to the Taliban.

At Kabul Bank, according to a Western official familiar with the investigation, records show that Ruhullah, the head of a private security company and an ally of Ahmed Wali Karzai, the President’s half brother, transferred money into accounts believed to be controlled by the Taliban.

At the same time, Filkins explains here as he has in the past, this corruption is what drives Afghans to support the Taliban.

Filkins makes the case, much more strongly than he has in the past, that the corruption of the Karzai administration is undermining all aspects of our efforts in Afghanistan.

And while he describes an American rather implausibly claiming that such corruption in the US would have led to 50 arrests, it appears that the Obama Administration has decided to try to bury this.

“If this were America, fifty people would have been arrested by now,” an American official told me.The larger fear, at least among some American officials, is that the Obama Administration will decide to do nothing. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton was briefed on the investigation in January. But the findings are considered so sensitive that almost no one—generals, diplomats, the investigators themselves—is willing to talk about it publicly. After months of sparring with the Karzai administration, the Obama Administration, in its public rhetoric, appears to be relegating the issue of corruption to a lower tier of concern, despite the widespread belief that the corruption in Karzai’s government degrades its reputation and helps fuel recruitment for the Taliban insurgency. “We have to work with these people,” the senior NATO officer told me.

[snip]

American investigators have been ordered not to speak to reporters. Almost without exception, senior American diplomats will not discuss Kabul Bank, the investigation into Mahmoud Karzai, or any other investigation of senior Afghan officials.

There’s far, far more at the New Yorker.

Now, obviously, the fact that our government is discovering, but not revealing, the degree to which we have been backing “a vertically integrated criminal enterprise” is the story.

But I’m rather curious how our paper of record is telling the same narrative–how unbelievable amounts of money mysteriously disappear into TBTF banks–as the story explaining our own financial crash.

At least, thanks to Filkins, we get to hear the underlying story of criminality, at least for the Afghan corner of our empire.

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  1. readerOfTeaLeaves says:

    Please excuse my reckless speculation, which is only partly on-topic here, and partly about Egypt:

    I’ve always assumed there were multiple copies of the torture sessions, and that non-US governments were holding them to keep control of Bush, Cheney, and US.

    Well, the guardian.uk’s Egypt updates has a very interesting report from the Cairo Economist reporter about stumbling onto a group of men destroying video tapes in Cairo. At an unmarked office of Egypt’s secret police:

    …a group of ordinary looking young men sat on the lawn, next to the hole. More boxes surrounded them, and from these the men extracted, one by one, what looked like cassette tapes and compact discs. After carefully smashing each of these with hammers, they tossed them into the pit. Down at its bottom another man shovelled wet cement onto the broken bits of plastic. More boxes kept appearing, and their labours continued all afternoon.

    Economist takes this as a sign Mubarak’s on his way out.
    Ahem.

    • klynn says:

      Wow! That should be a post in itself!

      Thanks EW for this post. You ask a great question and make the perfect observation…

      Now, obviously, the fact that our government is discovering, but not revealing, the degree to which we have been backing “a vertically integrated criminal enterprise” is the story.

      But I’m rather curious how our paper of record is telling the same narrative–how unbelievable amounts of money mysteriously disappear into TBTF banks–as the story explaining our own financial crash.

      At least, thanks to Filkin, we get to hear the underlying story of criminality, at least for the Afghan corner of our empire.

      (my bold)

      At least…

      • readerOfTeaLeaves says:

        Army now publicly stating it won’t fire on Egyptians; looks like things are shifting significantly. No idea how long this will take, but I’ve thought since this first blew up that the people would prevail.

        I’m sure Netanyahu is hyperventilating over it all.
        To me, there are forces larger, stranger, more unpredictable than any of us can alter or affect, so I tend to view the hyperventilating with a certain amount of …well, (shrugging)… sometimes, you just need to get out of the way of a demographic cyclone.

  2. WilliamOckham says:

    Talking about this at lunch with my son, we started comparing this to the way the financial people engineered the collapse of the global economy. It struck me that Enron/Worldcom/etc. was a learning tool for our bankers. They saw what Enron, et. al., did wrong and used that knowledge to succeed in their fraud.

    • klynn says:

      It struck me that Enron/Worldcom/etc. was a learning tool for our bankers. They saw what Enron, et. al., did wrong and used that knowledge to succeed in their fraud.

      Mr. klynn and I were discussing this last week. We were thinking a timeline from Enron forward would make for an eye opening read.

    • emptywheel says:

      Yeah, I kept thinking that Afghanistan is worse and smaller example of the larger whole, but not fundamentally different as to form.

      I also kept thinking about BCCI as an earlier version of this. That brought down a great number of people, with the same ties to corruption and spookery. We just took taht collapse and decided to make it the norm.

      • readerOfTeaLeaves says:

        Same thoughts, generally.

        Like Wm O, I’ve thought for some time that the ‘globalized’, opaque setups were rife for crime. (I’m pretty sure that I was a victim, and it involved having my identity stolen so it definitely grabbed my attention starting in 2006.)

        Then, reading about Cheney and the Torture Network (then later your posts on Viktor Bout) and thinking, “how is all this being paid for…?!” It sure wasn’t on any legitimate books, that was a safe guess.

        But:

        At Kabul Bank, according to a Western official familiar with the investigation, records show that Ruhullah, the head of a private security company and an ally of Ahmed Wali Karzai, the President’s half brother, transferred money into accounts believed to be controlled by the Taliban

        Even starting to look at that AIGFP mess in London, at the number of transactions, the amount of money showing up for ‘investment’ out of nowhere, it seemed that a lot of that money had to be Russian oiligarchs, but a lot of that money probably had to be drug money and terrorist money. Because otherwise, the legitimate economy simply doesn’t generate that kind of money. Not even dot-coms.

        I don’t think the governments can ever be cleaned up until the Black Money is cleaned up. But that’s just my view; obviously, many benefit from rules that are fundamentally anti-social.

        • emptywheel says:

          And the funny thing is that the opaque flows of money are precisely what empower terrorists. So by refusing to crack down on money flows–both the so called legal ones sustained by the banks and the so called illegal ones used by terrorists, drug cartels, and spooks–they undermine their own power.

          • readerOfTeaLeaves says:

            And the funny thing is that the opaque flows of money are precisely what empower terrorists. So by refusing to crack down on money flows–both the so called legal ones sustained by the banks and the so called illegal ones used by terrorists, drug cartels, and spooks–they undermine their own power.

            I agree completely. My fear is that civil society’s version of banking has now been subsumed by predatory banking, of the sort required to launder vast sums of money, pay off black budgets, pay creeps like Viktor Bout.

            I’ve said it before, and I’ll say it again: it’s hard for me to take all the military expenditures all that seriously while we fail to clean up our financial messes. These are, to use Prof William Black’s term, “criminogenic” and unless they are cleaned up, we are daily giving power to extremists, to the Taliban, to the Karzai family, and heaven only knows who else.

            I completely agree with your point.
            Which really makes the banksters the consigliere’s of the bin Laden financial requirements, come to think of it.

  3. Mauimom says:

    I wonder if Filkins’ article made it into H. Clinton’s “briefing book.”

    And I love your observation about the lede being buried in the 17th and 18th paragraphs of the NYT article. If you can’t rely on the US public’s complete disinterest in the news, you can always fall back on their short attention span.

  4. PeasantParty says:

    After learning that the TBTF essentially went into Egypt and took over all the banks, after Mubarak decided the regional banks did not need to exist anymore, I have no doubts left.

    Our country and the bankers are corrupted thru and thru and are paying Karzai to hold peace just Mubarak was. I’m sick, sick and more sick.

  5. BeachPopulist says:

    Remember that old joke about “you know it’s gonna be a bad day when you show up at the office and 60 Minutes is waiting to do an interview”? That was back in the day when 60 Minutes actually did some reporting.

    Maybe the 21st Century version is: “You know it’s a bad day when you find out that Marcy Wheeler is doing a timeline about something you’re involved in”.

  6. eCAHNomics says:

    Losses at Afghan Bank Could Be $900 Million

    Gee for a moment, I thought it said $900 billion. And $900 million should concern us exactly why?

  7. dude says:

    I am waiving my hand with a question!

    If banks cannot lend money at interest (it is against Muslim faith and law), how does an Afghan Bank (or Saudi or Egyptian or other bank based in Islamic countries) make money?

    I mean: are the banks operating in these countries–are they Western— and how then are they permitted to make money?

    • eCAHNomics says:

      Don’t know the A to your Q.

      Here’s a few, possibly irrelevant factoids, I do know.

      Same proscription in Xtianity. So the de Medicis had all kinds of forex & forward relationships with their family members in other countries.

      Also, dealt with a few ME investors of oil spoils while on Wall St, so collecting interest didn’t seem to be a prob with some Muslims.

      • papau says:

        Solution was very different

        Medici wanted to make no backlash from banking customer relations, so they allowed Jewish capital and Jewish entrepreneurship and Jewish Banks – and other leaders liked the idea of letting Jews handle complaints about taxes, making Jews the tax collectors. Business ability meant Jews acquired capital – and ability to kill Jews meant the Kings could “borrow” from the community. I do not know how Christians borrowed with interest from each other when interest was forbidden, but then the idea was to make the evil banker a Jew. The Bible does say a fair interest rate is expected to be received on borrowed money (Proverbs 28:8; Matthew 25:27) but as you noted Lateran III decreed that persons who accepted interest on loans could receive neither the sacraments nor Christian burial and Pope Clement V made the belief in the right to usury a heresy in 1311.

        http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usury

        The answer in the Arab world was the invention of all those capitalist ideas Wall Street still sells – profit sharing, contracts to have installment purchases of what the bank buys that you wanted, with most of the complications we have today (except “fees” are our invention).

  8. solerso says:

    “the Afghan government is a “vertically integrated criminal enterprise.”

    ahhhhh, yes. Yet Another “corrupt third world” regime being propped us by the US. Same story just seems to keep on repeating itself.What gives? And Americans no doubt will read hear this and double down on the American apple pie and free markets exceptionalism. When more people realize that our allies are only imitating what they see in capitalism, that kleptomaniacal self seeking is the golden rule of the free market way, that its not a prblem of bad men/ood system, then we will maybe be gettting somewhere. Stealing from banks, as everyone on wal st knows, is perfectly a-ok as long as you or your associates own the bank.

  9. Scarecrow says:

    There’s no reason to be surprised by what the Obama Admin is covering up in Afghanistan. There is almost an exact parallel with the vertically integrated criminal enterprise in the US. Banksters loot their own companies and defraud investors; their senior execs haul off millions, and they avoid all prosecution and close investigation via bribes of public officials, in the form of compaign contributions.

    And the Admnistration’s open/revolving door for pro banksters to become key advisers in the White House, and the same thing in Congress, ensures that the criminal enterprise will continue and never be brought to justice.

    We aren’t just like Afghanistan; we and they are the same, run by the same view about how the purpose of government is to protect and benefit from the financial criminal enterprise.

  10. sues says:

    If the US had really backed Afghans instead of pakistan, bin laden would have been captured. the amount of money given to afghans pales in comparison to pakistan which off course they used for more nuclear arms which are essentially muslim bomb. If karzai had received real help instead of betrayal to appease pakistan, he could have made a real difference. but he was alone against pakistan and the billions poured into pakistan to build more nuclear arms. congradulations.

  11. dude says:

    Thanks—I’ll read the link. What I was really wondering ,though, is how utterly powerful it would be if Islamic governments decided to take the hard line on western banking practices and basically cut-them-out of their domains. The Banks Too Big To Fail in the West might find themselves hurt and be further reviled by both western and eastern populations.

  12. PJEvans says:

    I think I’d be more surprised if a lot of that money weren’t being funneled to the Taliban. (I’ve assumed for years that the money we send over there is being used to fund a lot of stuff the various governments, including ours, officially oppose.)